Diabetes can damage your vision irreparably

Nearly half of India’s population is suffering from Diabetes. We know it causes damage to all our organs collectively but what it does to our eye sight  is just irrepairable and can’t be set right by anything. According to a recent study in an approximately, 70 percent of adults above 40 years of age, blindness is due to Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic Retinopathy is a condition in which the blood vessels of the retina get damaged or blocked. When blood vessels get blocked, the blood supply to retina gets stopped, which ultimately leads to vision loss.

Often in the initial years after being diagnosed with Diabetes, the symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy are not clearly visible, only mild vision problems are witnessed. And this is the gravest risk. Even physician is unable to diagnose it easily. But it’s a silent killer within few days of this being diagnosed; a patient would not have a chance to stop the damage.

Diabetic Retinopathy is more common in type II(life style diabetes) as compared to Type I cases(from early childhood).  In some rare cases the symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy are seen in the initial stages but generally only  basic symptoms are visible such as dark spots floating in your vision, blurred and fluctuating vision, vision loss, difficulty with color perception; and dark or empty areas in vision.

The best antidote is  patients diagnosed with diabetes should get a comprehensive dilated eye exam once every year as the chances of having Diabetic Retinopathy increases with the time.  If diagnosed in time, your doctor can help you in preventing its progression. Remember the key is early detection and timely treatment as only this can prevent vision loss.

Diabetic Retinopathy is most common in pregnant women with diabetes. Sometimes, during pregnancy, doctors also recommend some additional tests as pregnancy may worsen diabetic retinopathy.

Managing your blood sugar level carefully is the first step to prevent diabetic retionpathy. Indulge in a healthy diet and religiously spend at least 1 and a half hour daily on physical exercises like walk, aerobics or yoga. Take you medicines on time.If you smoke ,quit it,  as it is an additional hazard. Twice a year, go for a hemoglobin A1C test and get it checked by your doctor. Ideally, your A1C should be under 7 percent. Contact an eye doctor if sudden changes in vision are observed by you, or you are facing blurred or spotty vision. The damage caused can’t be retrieved back but progress can be checked by surgeries like Focal Laser treatment, Scatter Laser treatment, Vitrectomy.

If you have already lost some of your vision due to Diabetic Retinopathy, then ask your doctor for low vision services and devices. This can help you greatly in maintaining your remaining vision.

Lastly, remember if you are diagnosed with Diabetes, then don't panic. Just start living a better lifestyle.

Uveitis, one of the leading causes of blindness

Uveitis is a major eye disease which affects the uvea, middle layer of the eye beneath the white part. The uvea includes the iris, ciliary body and choroid. It is one of the most important parts of the eye which transports blood to the other parts of the eye. It affects the middle coat of the eye, which extends from iris at the front of the eye to the retina and choroid at the back of the eye.

Uveitis is the inflammation of the uvea, the internal inflammation of the eye. In many cases the cause of the uveitis is unkown but some of the potential causes are infection such as bacterial, virus, syphilis, tuberculosis and Lyme disease. Autoimmune diseases such as arthritis, reiter’s syndrome, sarcoidosis and ankylosing spondylitis also contribute to the cause of uveitis.  Other than this, past eye problems like injury can also cause uveitis.

Many cases of uveitis are chronic, and they can produce numerous possible complications, including clouding of the cornea, cataracts, elevated eye pressure (IOP), glaucoma, swelling of the retina or retinal detachment. These complications can result in permanent vision loss, if not treated on time.

Its classification usually depends on the area where it occurs. By this one can get to know which type of Uveitis a person is suffering. Anterior Uvietis occurs in the front part of the eye while Intermediate Uvietis occurs at the centre. Posterior Uvietis is another type which occurs at the back while Pan Uveitis usually affects all the three parts of the Uvea.

However, its symptoms are same as that of an eye infection. But it is not just an infection but can lead to a major eye disease or even blindness. Paining eyes are the most common sign of any infection. It also includes redness of the eye, watery eyes, light sensitivity, blurred vision and small or distorted pupil.

Coming to the treatment, some of the common treatments of uveitis include periocular steroid injections, it is the form of therapy which may be uncomfortable, yet very effective in acute uveitis. Other method of treatment is systemic or oral administration of steroids or anti-metabolite drugs. The dose required to penetrate and treat uveitis in the eye is frequently associated with side effects in the rest of the body (including Cushing's syndrome, renal, liver and bone-marrow damage). Cycloplegic medication is another method of treatment in which eye drops are given to dilate the pupil to prevent it sticking to the lens of the eye. These drops reduce the risk of scarring between the pupil and the lens.